考察古代政治, 从争取自由的斗争到帝国的诱惑, 就莎士比亚和希腊罗马的古典文学所生动描绘的而言:伟大, challenges and defects of the ancient republic; the nature of political and military ambition; and the causes and character of empire. Focus/possible works: Shakespeare's Roman plays; the Socratic Xenophon's novel on the rise and rule of Cyrus the Great; Tacitus on Roman emperors. 这门课也可以借鉴马基雅维利对罗马的看法. (2024-25年度不提供).

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